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- NAME
-
tar - The GNU version of the tar archiving utility
- SYNOPSIS
-
tar [ - ] A -catenate -concatenate | c -create | d -diff -compare
| r -append | t -list | u -update | x -extract -get [ -atime-preserve
] [ -b, -block-size N ] [ -B, -read-full-blocks ] [
-C, -directory DIR ] [ -checkpoint ] [ -f, -file [HOST-
NAME:]F ] [ -force-local ] [ -F, -info-script F -new-volume-
script F ] [ -G, -incremental ] [ -g, -listed-incremental
F ] [ -h, -dereference ] [ -i, -ignore-zeros ] [ -ignore-failed-read
] [ -k, -keep-old-files ] [ -K, -starting-file F ] [
-l, -one- file-system ] [ -L, -tape-length N ] [ -m, -modification-time
] [ -M, -multi-volume ] [ -N, -after-date DATE, -newer
DATE ] [ -o, -old-archive, -portability ] [ -O, -to-stdout
] [ -p, -same- permissions, -preserve-permissions ] [ -P,
-absolute-paths ] [ -preserve ] [ -R, -record-number ]
[ -remove-files ] [ -s, -same-order, -preserve-order ]
[ -same-owner ] [ -S, -sparse ] [ -T, -files-from F ]
[ -null ] [ -totals ] [ -v, -ver- bose ] [ -V, -label
NAME ] [ -version ] [ -w, -interactive, -confirmation ]
[ -W, -verify ] [ -exclude FILE ] [ -X, -exclude-from
FILE ] [ -Z, -compress, -uncompress ] [ -z,-gzip, -ungzip
] [ -use-compress-program PROG ] [ -block- compress ]
[ -[0-7][lmh] ] filename1 [ filename2, ... filenameN
] directory1 [ directory2, ...directoryN ]
- DESCRIPTION
-
This manual page documents the GNU version of tar , an archiving program
designed to store and extract files from an archive file known as
a tarfile. A tarfile may be made on a tape drive, however, it is also
common to write a tarfile to a normal file. The first argument to
tar must be one of the options: Acdrtux, followed by any optional
functions. The final arguments to tar are the names of the files or
directories which should be archived. The use of a directory name
always implies that the subdirectories below should be included in
the archive.
- FUNCTION LETTERS
-
One of the following options must be used:
- -A, -catenate, -concatenate
- append tar files to an archive
- -c, -create
- create a new archive
- -d, -diff, -compare
- find differences between archive and file
system
- -delete
- delete from the archive (not for use on mag tapes!)
- -r, -append
- append files to the end of an archive
- -t, -list
- list the contents of an archive
- -u, -update
- only append files that are newer than copy in archive
- -x, -extract,
- -get extract files from an archive
- OTHER OPTIONS
-
- -atime-preserve
- don't change access times on dumped files
- -b, -block-size
- N block size of Nx512 bytes (default N=20)
- -B, -read-full-blocks
- reblock as we read (for reading 4.2BSD pipes)
- -C, -directory
- DIR change to directory DIR
- -checkpoint
- print directory names while reading the archive
- -f, -file
- [HOSTNAME:]F use archive file or device F (default
/dev/rmt0)
- -force-local
- archive file is local even if has a colon
- -F, -info-script F -new-volume-script
- F run script at end of
each tape (implies -M)
- -G, -incremental
- create/list/extract old GNU-format incremental
backup
- -g, -listed-incremental
- F create/list/extract new GNU-format incremental
backup
- -h, -dereference
- don't dump symlinks; dump the files they point
to
- -i, -ignore-zeros
- ignore blocks of zeros in archive (normally
mean EOF)
- -ignore-failed-read
- don't exit with non-zero status on unreadable
files
- -k, -keep-old-files
- keep existing files; don't overwrite them
from archive
- -K, -starting-file
- F begin at file F in the archive
- -l, -one-file-system
- stay in local file system when creating an
archive
- -L, -tape-length
- N change tapes after writing N*1024 bytes
- -m, -modification-time
- don't extract file modified time
- -M, -multi-volume
- create/list/extract multi-volume archive
- -N, -after-date DATE, -newer DATE
- only store files newer than
DATE
- -o, -old-archive, -portability
- write a V7 format archive, rather
than ANSI format
- -O, -to-stdout
- extract files to standard output
- -p, -same-permissions, -preserve-permissions
- extract all protection
information
- -P, -absolute-paths
- don't strip leading `/'s from file names
- -preserve
- like -p -s
- -R, -record-number
- show record number within archive with each
message
- -remove-files
- remove files after adding them to the archive
- -s, -same-order, -preserve-order
- list of names to extract is
sorted to match archive
- -same-owner
- create extracted files with the same ownership
- -S, -sparse
- handle sparse files efficiently
- -T, -files-from
- F get names to extract or create from file F
- -null -T
- reads null-terminated names, disable -C
- -totals
- print total bytes written with -create
- -v, -verbose
- verbosely list files processed
- -V, -label
- NAME create archive with volume name NAME
- -version
- print tar program version number
- -w, -interactive, -confirmation
- ask for confirmation for every
action
- -W, -verify
- attempt to verify the archive after writing it
- -exclude
- FILE exclude file FILE
- -X, -exclude-from
- FILE exclude files listed in FILE
- -Z, -compress, -uncompress
- filter the archive through compress
- -z, -gzip, -ungzip
- filter the archive through gzip
- -use-compress-program
- PROG filter the archive through PROG (which
must accepted)
- -block-compress
- block the output of compression program for tapes
- -[0-7][lmh]
- specify drive and density
- EXAMPLES
-
To check a tar file contents:
# tar -tf foo.tar
If it's gzipped
# tar -tzf foo.tar.gz
To extract the contents
# tar -xzf foo.tar.gz
To create a tar file of all the files in the /etc directory
# tar -cf etc.tar /etc/*
To create a gzipped file of all the files and directories in /usr/local
and see the files as they are placed in the archive
# tar -czvf usr_local.tgz /usr/local/*
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